John 15:1 · Christian Ministry · Lindon, Utah

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John 15:1

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Three Ancient Witnesses — John 15:1

Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀληθινή

"I am the true vine" — as preserved in the three oldest surviving complete Greek New Testament manuscripts

Witness I — Codex Sinaiticus (ℵ)
British Library, London • c. 330–360 AD
Gregory-Aland 01
“Εγώ ειμι η αμπελος η αληθινη, και ο πατηρ μου ο γεωργος εστιν.”
"I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinedresser."

The oldest complete New Testament in existence. Written in Greek uncial script, likely in Caesarea or Egypt. Discovered by Tischendorf at St. Catherine's Monastery, Sinai, in 1844. Sinaiticus uses the full verb form εστιν (estin).

Witness II — Codex Vaticanus (B)
Vatican Apostolic Library, Rome • c. 300–325 AD
Gregory-Aland 03
“Εγώ ειμι η αμπελος η αληθινη, και ο πατηρ μου ο γεωργος εστιν.”
"I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinedresser."

Considered by many the single most important biblical manuscript in existence — slightly older than Sinaiticus and held in the Vatican Library since at least 1475. The Westcott-Hort critical text (1881) relied primarily on Vaticanus. Its agreement with Sinaiticus at John 15:1 is a strong indicator of the stability and antiquity of this Greek text.

Witness III — Codex Alexandrinus (A)
British Library, London • c. 400–440 AD
Gregory-Aland 02
“Εγώ ειμι η αμπελος η αληθινη, και ο πατηρ μου ο γεωργος εστι.”
"I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinedresser."

Written in Egypt (possibly Alexandria). Uses the contracted form εστι (esti) — a minor scribal variant with no difference in meaning. Gifted to King Charles I of England in 1627 by the Patriarch of Constantinople. All three manuscripts form a remarkably consistent witness, confirming the same Greek reading across three independent 4th–5th century sources.

"By the mouth of two or three witnesses every word shall be established." — 2 Corinthians 13:1

Deut 17:6 — "On the testimony of two or three witnesses a person is to be put to death, but no one is to be put to death on the testimony of only one witness."
Deut 19:15 — "One witness is not enough to convict anyone accused of any crime or offense they may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses."
Matt 18:16 — "But if they will not listen, take one or two others along, so that every matter may be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses."
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